Version |
1.0 |
Creation Date |
2005-11-16 15:48:42 |
Update Date |
2009-07-07 11:02:31 |
Accession Number |
BMDB00161 |
Common Name |
L-Alanine |
Description |
Alanine is a nonessential amino acid made in the body from the conversion of the carbohydrate pyruvate or the breakdown of DNA and the dipeptides carnosine and anserine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and is one of the most important amino acids released by muscle, functioning as a major energy source. Plasma alanine is often decreased when the BCAA (Branched Chain Amino Acids) are deficient. This finding may relate to muscle metabolism. Alanine is highly concentrated in meat products and other high-protein foods like wheat germ and cottage cheese. Alanine is an important participant as well as regulator in glucose metabolism. Alanine levels parallel blood sugar levels in both diabetes and hypoglycemia, and alanine reduces both severe hypoglycemia and the ketosis of diabetes. It is an important amino acid for lymphocyte reproduction and immunity. Alanine therapy has helped dissolve kidney stones in experimental animals. Normal alanine metabolism, like that of other amino acids, is highly dependent upon enzymes that contain vitamin B6. Alanine, like GABA, taurine and glycine, is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) |
Synonyms |
- (2S)-2-Aminopropanoate
- (2S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid
- (S)-(+)-Alanine
- (S)-2-Aminopropanoate
- (S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid
- (S)-2-amino-Propanoate
- (S)-2-amino-Propanoic acid
- (S)-Alanine
- 2-Aminopropanoate
- 2-Aminopropanoic acid
- 2-Aminopropionate
- 2-Aminopropionic acid
- 2-Ammoniopropanoate
- Ala
- Alanine
- L-(+)-Alanine
- L-2-Aminopropanoate
- L-2-Aminopropanoic acid
- L-2-Aminopropionate
- L-2-Aminopropionic acid
- L-a-Alanine
- L-a-Aminopropionate
- L-a-Aminopropionic acid
- a-Alanine
- a-Aminopropionate
- a-Aminopropionic acid
- alpha-Aminopropanoate
- alpha-Aminopropanoic acid
- L-alpha-Alanine
- L-alpha-Aminopropionate
- L-alpha-Aminopropionic acid
- alpha-Alanine
- alpha-Aminopropionate
- alpha-Aminopropionic acid
- 2-Ammoniopropanoic acid
|
Chemical IUPAC Name |
(2S)-2-aminopropanoic acid |
Chemical Formula |
C3H7NO2 |
Chemical Structure |
 |
Chemical Taxonomy |
Kingdom |
|
Super Class |
- Amino acids and Amino Acid conjugates
|
Class |
|
Sub Class |
|
Family |
|
Species |
- primary amine; primary aliphatic amine (alkylamine); carboxylic acid; alpha-aminoacid
|
Biofunction |
- Component of Alanine and aspartate metabolism; Component of Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; Component of Glutamate metabolism; Component of Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; Component of Tryptophan metabolism
|
Application |
— |
Source |
|
|
Average Molecular Weight |
89.093 |
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
89.047676 |
Isomeric SMILES |
C[C@H](N)C(O)=O |
Canonical SMILES |
CC(N)C(O)=O |
KEGG Compound ID |
C00041  |
BioCyc ID |
L-ALPHA-ALANINE  |
BiGG ID |
33629  |
Wikipedia Link |
2-Aminopropanoic acid  |
METLIN ID |
Not Available |
PubChem Compound |
5950  |
PubChem Substance |
700553  |
ChEBI ID |
16977  |
CAS Registry Number |
56-41-7 |
InChI Identifier |
InChI=1/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1 |
Synthesis Reference |
Chibata I; Kakimoto T; Kato J Enzymatic production of L-alanine by Pseudomonas dacunhae. Applied microbiology (1965), 13(5), 638-45. |
Melting Point (Experimental) |
300 oC |
Experimental Water Solubility |
164.0 mg/mL [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]; 204 mg/mL [HMP experimental]
Source: PhysProp
|
Predicted Water Solubility |
446.99997 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
Physiological Charge |
0 |
State |
Solid |
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity |
-2.85 [SANGSTER (1994)]
Source: PhysProp
|
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity |
-3.05 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -2.8 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
|
MOL File |
Show |
SDF File |
Show |
PDB File |
Show |
2D Structure |
|
3D Structure |
|
Experimental PDB ID |
1KL6  |
Experimental PDB File |
Show |
Experimental PDB Structure |
|
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum |
Download Spectrum Download FID (Varian) Show Experimental Conditions  |
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum |
Download Spectrum Download FID (Bruker) Show Experimental Conditions  |
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum |
Download Spectrum Download FID (Bruker) Show Experimental Conditions  |
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
Mass Spectrum |
|
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist |
BMRB Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist |
Cellular Location |
- Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- lysosome
- mitochondria
- peroxisome
|
Biofluid Location |
|
Tissue Location |
Tissue |
References |
All Tissues |
— |
|
Concentrations (Normal) |
Biofluid |
Blood |
Value |
160.5 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
Both |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Not Available |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
9 - 91 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Raw. skim. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
11673.195 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Milk, Skim. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
12234.407 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Milk, fluid, partly skimmed, 1% milkfat. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
12795.618 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Milk, fluid, partly skimmed, 2% milkfat. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
11673.195 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Milk, whole, pasteurized, homogenized, 3.3% milkfat. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
13132.345 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Milk, fluid, whole, producer, 3.7% milkfat. |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
36 +/- 10 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR in 2% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
38 +/- 5 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR in skim milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
37 +/- 6 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR in 1% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
33 +/- 8 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR in 3.25% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
42.5 +/- 2.7 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR and DFI-MS in skim milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
37.45 +/- 2.5 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR and DFI-MS in 1% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
39.6 +/- 2.9 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR and DFI-MS in 2% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
32.05 +/- 2.4 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Quantified by NMR and DFI-MS in 3.25% milk |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
11923.425 uM |
Age |
NA |
Sex |
NA |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Cow whole milk (3.25% fat) |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
12849.517 uM |
Age |
NA |
Sex |
NA |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Cow reduced fat milk (2% fat) with added vitamin A |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
12270.71 uM |
Age |
NA |
Sex |
NA |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Cow reduced fat milk (1% fat) with added vitamin A |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Breast_Milk |
Value |
11622.892 uM |
Age |
NA |
Sex |
NA |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Cow skim milk with added vitamin A |
References |
|
Biofluid |
Rumen |
Value |
212.13 +/- 47.03 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Normal |
Comments |
Not Available |
References |
- The rumen metabolome (in preparation)
|
|
Concentrations (Abnormal) |
Biofluid |
Rumen |
Value |
480.07 +/- 70.1 uM |
Age |
N/A |
Sex |
N/A |
Condition |
Rumen acidosis |
Comments |
Not Available |
References |
- The rumen metabolome (in preparation)
|
|
Pathway Names |
- Alanine and aspartate metabolism
- Selenoamino Acid Metabolism
- Transcription Translation
|
HMDB Pathways |
Name
|
Alanine and aspartate metabolism
|
Image
|
Show  |
Name
|
Selenoamino Acid Metabolism
|
Image
|
Show  |
Name
|
Transcription Translation
|
Image
|
Show  |
|
KEGG Pathways |
Name
|
Alanine and aspartate metabolism
|
Image
|
Show  |
Name
|
Selenoamino Acid Metabolism
|
Image
|
Show  |
|
SimCell Pathways |
Name
|
Selenoamino Acid Metabolism
|
Image
|
Show  |
Graph
|
|
SBML
|
|
|
General References |
- Wikipedia

|
Metabolic Enzymes |
- Selenocysteine lyase
- Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial
- Alanine aminotransferase 1
- Nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1
- Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5
|
Enzyme 1
[top]
|
Enzyme 1 ID |
539 |
Enzyme 1 Name |
Selenocysteine lyase |
Enzyme 1 Synonyms |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Gene Name |
SCLY |
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence |
>Selenocysteine lyase
MEAAGARNRDARSRAEKSPPESRKVYMDYNATTPLEPEVIEAMTEAMREAWGNPSSSYPA
GRKAKEIINTARENLAKMIGGQPQDVIFTSGGTESNNLVIQSVVKHFHKVHAANGDTGGH
PNPVDGALPHIITCTVEHDSIRLPLEHLREERVAEVTFVPVSKVNGQVEAEDILAAVRPA
TCLVTIMLANNETGVIMPVPEISRRVRALNQQRVAGGLPGVLVHTDAAQALGKQRVDVRD
LGVDFLTIVGHKFYGPRIGALYVRGLGEHTPLYPMLFGGGQERNFRPGTENTPMIAGLGK
AAELVAENGEAYEAHMRGVRDYLEERLAAEFGERIHLNSQFPGAERLPNTCNFSIRGPQL
QGRAVLAQCRTLLASVGAACHSDLGDRPSPVLLSCGVPVDVARNAIRLSVGRSSTRAEVD
LVVQDLKQAVARLEGQA |
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues |
437 |
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight |
47203.3 |
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI |
6.99 |
Enzyme 1 GO Classification |
Function |
— |
Process |
— |
Component |
— |
|
Enzyme 1 General Function |
Amino acid transport and metabolism |
Enzyme 1 Specific Function |
Catalyzes the decomposition of L-selenocysteine to L- alanine and elemental selenium |
Enzyme 1 Pathways |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Reactions |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function |
|
Enzyme 1 Signals |
|
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions |
|
Enzyme 1 Essentiality |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein |
124829224  |
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
A2VDS1  |
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
SCLY_BOVIN  |
Enzyme 1 PDB ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence |
>1314 bp
ATGGAGGCGGCCGGGGCGCGGAACAGGGACGCGCGGAGTCGAGCGGAGAAGAGCCCGCCC
GAGAGCAGGAAAGTGTATATGGACTATAATGCAACCACTCCCCTGGAGCCAGAAGTCATT
GAGGCCATGACGGAGGCCATGCGGGAAGCCTGGGGAAATCCCAGTAGCTCTTACCCAGCA
GGTAGGAAGGCCAAGGAGATTATCAACACGGCCCGGGAGAACCTCGCCAAGATGATAGGT
GGGCAGCCTCAGGACGTGATCTTCACTTCGGGGGGCACCGAGTCAAATAATTTAGTAATC
CAGTCCGTGGTGAAGCACTTCCACAAAGTCCACGCCGCCAACGGGGACACGGGCGGGCAT
CCCAACCCGGTGGACGGGGCCCTGCCCCACATCATCACCTGCACCGTGGAGCACGACTCC
ATCCGCCTGCCACTGGAGCACCTCAGGGAGGAGCGCGTGGCCGAGGTCACCTTCGTCCCT
GTGTCCAAGGTGAATGGGCAGGTGGAGGCTGAGGACATCCTGGCGGCCGTCCGCCCGGCC
ACGTGCCTGGTGACCATCATGCTGGCCAACAACGAGACGGGTGTCATCATGCCCGTGCCT
GAGATCAGCCGGCGAGTCCGAGCCCTGAACCAACAGCGGGTGGCAGGGGGGCTGCCGGGG
GTGCTTGTGCACACGGATGCTGCCCAGGCCCTGGGGAAGCAGCGCGTGGACGTGCGGGAC
CTGGGCGTGGACTTCCTGACCATCGTGGGGCACAAGTTCTACGGCCCCAGGATCGGAGCG
CTCTACGTCCGAGGGCTTGGTGAGCACACCCCTCTCTACCCGATGCTGTTTGGAGGCGGA
CAAGAGCGGAACTTCAGGCCAGGGACAGAGAACACCCCGATGATTGCCGGCCTTGGGAAG
GCGGCCGAGCTGGTGGCGGAGAACGGCGAGGCCTACGAGGCCCACATGCGGGGCGTGCGC
GACTACCTGGAGGAGAGGCTGGCGGCTGAATTTGGTGAGAGAATCCATCTGAACAGCCAG
TTTCCAGGCGCCGAGCGGCTCCCCAACACCTGTAACTTCTCCATCCGGGGACCCCAGCTC
CAAGGCCGCGCGGTGCTGGCTCAGTGCCGGACTCTGCTGGCCAGCGTGGGGGCCGCCTGC
CACTCGGACCTCGGGGACCGGCCGTCCCCAGTGCTGCTGAGCTGCGGCGTCCCCGTCGAC
GTGGCCAGGAACGCCATCCGGCTGAGCGTGGGCCGCAGCAGCACCCGGGCTGAGGTGGAC
CTCGTCGTGCAGGACCTGAAGCAGGCGGTGGCCCGGCTGGAGGGCCAGGCCTAG |
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID |
BC133375  |
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID |
SCLY  |
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location |
Chromosome:2 |
Enzyme 1 Locus |
2q37.3 |
Enzyme 1 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
Enzyme 1 General References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2
[top]
|
Enzyme 2 ID |
793 |
Enzyme 2 Name |
Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial |
Enzyme 2 Synonyms |
- AGT 2
- (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate--pyruvate transaminase
- Beta-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase
- Beta-ALAAT II
- D-AIBAT
|
Enzyme 2 Gene Name |
AGXT2 |
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence |
>Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial
MTGAWGHLLRSLHLKTLSLWIPKTCFSLKARAFWTSVTRCGLHTKPSMPPCDFTPERYQS
LAYSRVLEIHKQHLSPVHTAYFPEPLLLHQGHVEWLFDHEGNRYLDFFSGIVTVSVGHCH
PKVNAAAQRQLGRLWHTSSVFFHPLIHEYAEKLSALLPEPLKVVFLVNSGSEANDLAMLM
ARAHSNSTDIISFRGAYHGCSPYTLGLTNVGIYKMDLPHGMGCQPTMCPDIFHGPWGGSH
CRDSPVQTIRKCSCAPDCCQAKDQYIEQFKDTLSTSVAKSIAGFFAEPIQGVNGVVQYPK
GFLKEAFELVRERGGVCIADEVQTGFGRLGSHFWGFQTHDVLPDIVTMAKGIGNGFPMAA
VVTTPDIAKSLTKRMLHFNTFGGNPMACAVGSAVLEVIKEENLQENSQEVGTYMLLKLAK
LRDEFEIVGDVRGKGLMIGIEMVKDKESRQPLPREEVNQIHHDCKCMGLLIGRGGLFSQT
FRIAPSMCITKPEVDFAVEVFRSALIQHMERRAK |
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues |
514 |
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight |
57225.8 |
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI |
7.93 |
Enzyme 2 GO Classification |
Function |
— |
Process |
— |
Component |
— |
|
Enzyme 2 General Function |
Amino acid transport and metabolism |
Enzyme 2 Specific Function |
L-alanine + glyoxylate = pyruvate + glycine |
Enzyme 2 Pathways |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Reactions |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function |
|
Enzyme 2 Signals |
|
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions |
|
Enzyme 2 Essentiality |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein |
109659373  |
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
Q17QF0  |
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
AGT2_BOVIN  |
Enzyme 2 PDB ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence |
>1545 bp
ATGACAGGAGCCTGGGGACATTTGCTGAGATCTTTGCACCTGAAAACCTTATCTCTCTGG
ATCCCCAAGACGTGCTTTTCCCTTAAGGCCCGTGCTTTCTGGACATCTGTGACCAGGTGC
GGTCTTCATACAAAGCCCAGCATGCCGCCATGTGACTTCACACCCGAAAGATACCAGTCC
CTGGCCTATAGCCGAGTCCTGGAGATCCATAAGCAACATCTCTCTCCTGTGCACACCGCC
TATTTCCCGGAGCCCCTGTTGCTCCACCAGGGACACGTGGAGTGGCTCTTTGATCATGAG
GGAAACAGATACCTGGATTTCTTTTCTGGGATTGTCACTGTCAGTGTTGGTCACTGCCAC
CCAAAAGTAAACGCAGCGGCGCAAAGGCAGCTGGGCCGCCTGTGGCATACAAGTTCTGTC
TTCTTCCACCCTCTGATCCACGAATATGCAGAGAAGCTTTCAGCACTTCTTCCTGAGCCT
TTGAAGGTCGTTTTCTTGGTGAACAGTGGTTCAGAAGCCAATGACCTAGCCATGCTGATG
GCCAGAGCACACTCAAACAGCACAGACATCATTTCTTTCAGAGGAGCCTACCATGGATGC
AGTCCTTACACACTTGGCTTGACAAATGTAGGCATCTATAAGATGGACCTCCCTCATGGG
ATGGGCTGCCAACCAACAATGTGCCCAGACATTTTCCATGGCCCTTGGGGAGGAAGCCAC
TGCCGAGATTCTCCAGTGCAAACAATTAGGAAGTGCAGCTGTGCGCCAGACTGCTGTCAA
GCTAAAGACCAGTATATTGAACAATTCAAAGATACTCTGAGCACTTCTGTGGCCAAATCA
ATTGCTGGATTTTTTGCAGAGCCAATTCAAGGGGTGAATGGCGTTGTTCAGTACCCGAAG
GGGTTTCTAAAGGAAGCCTTCGAGCTGGTGCGCGAGCGGGGAGGCGTGTGCATTGCAGAT
GAAGTGCAGACAGGATTTGGAAGGCTGGGCTCTCACTTCTGGGGCTTCCAAACACACGAT
GTCCTGCCAGATATTGTTACCATGGCTAAAGGGATTGGGAATGGCTTTCCCATGGCAGCA
GTCGTGACAACTCCAGATATTGCCAAGTCCTTAACCAAGCGCATGCTTCACTTCAATACC
TTTGGAGGGAACCCCATGGCCTGCGCCGTTGGTTCAGCAGTGCTTGAGGTGATTAAAGAA
GAAAATCTACAAGAAAATAGCCAAGAAGTTGGCACCTATATGTTGCTGAAGTTGGCTAAG
CTGCGGGATGAATTTGAAATTGTAGGAGATGTCCGAGGCAAAGGTCTCATGATAGGAATA
GAAATGGTGAAGGATAAGGAGAGCCGCCAGCCTCTTCCCCGTGAAGAAGTAAATCAAATC
CACCACGACTGCAAATGCATGGGGCTTCTGATTGGCAGAGGCGGCCTTTTCTCTCAGACT
TTCCGCATTGCGCCCTCAATGTGCATCACTAAACCAGAAGTTGATTTTGCAGTGGAAGTG
TTTCGCTCTGCCTTAATTCAACACATGGAGAGAAGAGCTAAATAA |
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID |
BC118402  |
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID |
AGXT2  |
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location |
Chromosome:5 |
Enzyme 2 Locus |
5p13 |
Enzyme 2 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
Enzyme 2 General References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3
[top]
|
Enzyme 3 ID |
858 |
Enzyme 3 Name |
Alanine aminotransferase 1 |
Enzyme 3 Synonyms |
- ALT1
- Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase 1
- Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 1
- GPT 1
- Glutamic--alanine transaminase 1
|
Enzyme 3 Gene Name |
GPT |
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence |
>Alanine aminotransferase 1
MALRAGEHSQEAANGLKEKVLTLDSMNPYVRRVEYAVRGPIVQRALELEQELRQGVKKPF
TEVIRANIGDAQAMGQIPITFPRQVLALCVHPDLLNSPDFPDDAKRRAERILQACGGHSL
GAYSISAGVQMIREDVARYIERRDGGIPADPNNIFLSTGASDAIVTVLKLLVTGEGRTRT
GVLIPIPQYPLYSAALAEFNAVQVDYYLDEERAWALDVAELRRALRQARDHCRPRALCVI
NPGNPTGQVQTRECIEDVIRFAYEEKLFLLADEVYQDNVYAESSQFHSFKKVLTEMGPPY
AAQQELASFHSISKGYMGECGFRGGYVEVVNMDAAVKQQMQKLRSVRLCPPTPGQVLLDV
AVSPPAPSDPSFPRFQAERRAVLAELAAKAKLTEQVFNEAPGIRCNPVQGAMYSFPRVQL
PPRAVQRAQELGLAPDMFFCLRLLEETGICVVPGSGFGQREGTYHFRMTILPPMEKLRPL
LEKLSQFHAKFTREYS |
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues |
496 |
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight |
55275.0 |
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI |
7.42 |
Enzyme 3 GO Classification |
Function |
— |
Process |
— |
Component |
— |
|
Enzyme 3 General Function |
Amino acid transport and metabolism |
Enzyme 3 Specific Function |
Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles |
Enzyme 3 Pathways |
- Amino-acid degradation
- L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway
- pyruvate from L-alanine:step 1/1
|
Enzyme 3 Reactions |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function |
|
Enzyme 3 Signals |
|
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions |
|
Enzyme 3 Essentiality |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein |
134024764  |
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
A4IFH5  |
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
ALAT1_BOVIN  |
Enzyme 3 PDB ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence |
>1491 bp
ATGGCCTTGAGGGCAGGTGAGCACAGCCAGGAGGCAGCAAATGGGCTGAAGGAGAAGGTG
CTGACACTGGACTCCATGAATCCTTATGTCCGGAGGGTGGAGTATGCGGTGCGAGGCCCC
ATCGTTCAGCGGGCACTGGAGCTGGAGCAGGAGCTGCGCCAGGGCGTAAAGAAGCCCTTC
ACCGAGGTCATCCGCGCCAACATCGGGGACGCACAGGCCATGGGGCAGATCCCTATCACC
TTCCCGCGCCAGGTCCTGGCCCTCTGCGTCCATCCCGATCTCCTGAACAGCCCCGACTTC
CCCGACGACGCCAAGAGGAGGGCGGAGCGCATCTTGCAGGCGTGTGGGGGCCACAGCCTG
GGGGCCTACAGCATCAGCGCTGGCGTCCAGATGATCCGTGAGGATGTGGCGCGGTACATC
GAGCGGCGCGATGGAGGCATTCCTGCCGACCCCAATAACATCTTTCTGTCCACGGGGGCC
AGCGATGCCATTGTGACGGTGCTGAAGTTGCTGGTAACCGGCGAGGGTCGCACGCGCACG
GGCGTGCTTATCCCTATCCCTCAGTATCCACTCTACTCCGCCGCGCTGGCCGAGTTCAAT
GCGGTGCAGGTGGACTACTACCTGGACGAGGAGCGTGCCTGGGCGCTCGATGTGGCCGAG
CTGCGGCGCGCGCTGCGCCAGGCGCGTGACCACTGCCGCCCCCGCGCGCTCTGCGTCATC
AACCCCGGGAACCCCACCGGGCAGGTGCAGACCCGCGAGTGCATCGAGGACGTGATCCGC
TTCGCCTATGAGGAGAAGCTTTTCCTATTGGCCGATGAGGTGTACCAAGACAACGTGTAT
GCCGAGAGCTCGCAGTTCCACTCGTTCAAGAAGGTGCTCACGGAGATGGGGCCGCCGTAC
GCGGCGCAACAGGAGCTCGCCTCCTTCCACTCGATCTCCAAGGGCTACATGGGCGAGTGC
GGCTTCCGCGGCGGCTACGTGGAGGTGGTGAATATGGACGCTGCGGTGAAGCAGCAGATG
CAGAAGCTGCGGAGCGTGCGGCTGTGCCCACCCACCCCGGGCCAGGTCCTGCTCGACGTG
GCTGTCAGCCCGCCGGCGCCCTCAGACCCCTCCTTCCCGCGGTTCCAGGCGGAGAGGAGG
GCGGTGCTGGCCGAGCTGGCTGCCAAGGCCAAGCTCACGGAGCAGGTCTTCAACGAAGCT
CCCGGCATCCGCTGCAATCCGGTGCAGGGCGCCATGTATTCGTTCCCGCGCGTGCAGCTG
CCCCCGCGTGCGGTGCAGCGCGCTCAGGAGCTGGGCCTGGCTCCCGACATGTTCTTCTGC
CTGCGCCTCCTAGAGGAGACTGGCATCTGCGTGGTGCCTGGGAGTGGCTTTGGACAACGG
GAAGGCACCTACCACTTTCGGATGACTATTCTGCCCCCCATGGAGAAGCTACGGCCCCTG
CTGGAGAAGCTGAGCCAGTTCCATGCGAAGTTCACCCGCGAGTACTCCTGA |
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID |
BC134583  |
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID |
GPT  |
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location |
Chromosome:8 |
Enzyme 3 Locus |
8q24.3 |
Enzyme 3 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
Enzyme 3 General References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4
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Enzyme 4 ID |
911 |
Enzyme 4 Name |
Nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 |
Enzyme 4 Synonyms |
- NIPP-1
- Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory inhibitor subunit 8
|
Enzyme 4 Gene Name |
PPP1R8 |
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence |
>Nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1
MAAAANSGSSLPLFDCPTWAGKPPPGLHLDVVKGDKLIEKLIIDEKKYYLFGRNPDLCDF
TIDHQSCSRVHAALVYHKHLKRVFLIDLNSTHGTFLGHIRLEPHKPQQIPIDSTVSFGAS
TRAYTLREKPQTLPSAVKGDEKMGGEDDELKGLLGLPEEETELDNLTEFNTAHNKRISTL
TIEEGNLDIQRPKRKRKNSRVTFSEDDEIINPEDVDPSVGRFRNMVQTAVVPVKKKRVEG
PGSLVLEESGSRRMQNFAFSGGLYGGLPPTHSEAGSQPHGIHGTALIGGLPMPYPNLAPD
VDLTPVVPSAVNMNPAPNPAVYNPEAVNEPKKKKYAKEAWPGKKPTPSLLI |
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues |
351 |
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight |
38520.6 |
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI |
7.42 |
Enzyme 4 GO Classification |
Function |
— |
Process |
— |
Component |
— |
|
Enzyme 4 General Function |
Involved in DNA binding |
Enzyme 4 Specific Function |
Inhibitor subunit of the major nuclear protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1). It has RNA-binding activity but does not cleave RNA and may target PP-1 to RNA-associated substrates. May also be involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Binds DNA and might act as a transcriptional repressor. Seems to be required for cell proliferation |
Enzyme 4 Pathways |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 Reactions |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function |
|
Enzyme 4 Signals |
|
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions |
|
Enzyme 4 Essentiality |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein |
1082086  |
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
Q28147  |
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
PP1R8_BOVIN  |
Enzyme 4 PDB ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence |
>1056 bp
ATGGCGGCAGCCGCGAACTCCGGCTCCAGCCTCCCGCTGTTCGACTGCCCGACCTGGGCA
GGTAAACCCCCTCCTGGTTTACATCTGGATGTAGTCAAAGGAGACAAGCTAATTGAGAAA
CTGATTATCGATGAGAAGAAGTATTACTTATTTGGGCGAAACCCTGATTTGTGCGACTTC
ACAATTGACCACCAGTCTTGCTCTCGGGTCCATGCTGCCTTGGTCTACCACAAGCATCTG
AAGAGAGTTTTCCTTATAGATCTCAACAGTACACACGGCACTTTCTTGGGTCACATTCGG
TTGGAGCCTCACAAGCCTCAGCAAATTCCCATCGACTCCACGGTCTCATTTGGTGCATCC
ACACGGGCATACACTCTCCGTGAGAAGCCTCAGACATTGCCATCAGCTGTGAAAGGAGAT
GAGAAGATGGGTGGAGAGGATGATGAACTCAAGGGCTTACTGGGGCTTCCCGAGGAGGAG
ACAGAACTTGATAACCTGACAGAATTCAACACTGCCCACAACAAGCGGATTTCCACTCTC
ACCATTGAGGAGGGGAATCTGGACATTCAGAGACCAAAGAGGAAGAGGAAGAACTCACGG
GTGACCTTTAGTGAGGATGATGAGATCATCAACCCAGAGGATGTGGATCCCTCGGTTGGT
CGCTTTCGGAACATGGTGCAGACTGCAGTGGTCCCAGTCAAGAAGAAGCGGGTGGAGGGC
CCTGGCTCCCTGGTCCTGGAGGAATCCGGGAGCAGGCGCATGCAGAACTTTGCCTTCAGT
GGAGGACTCTACGGGGGCCTGCCCCCCACGCACAGTGAAGCTGGCTCCCAGCCACACGGC
ATCCATGGGACAGCACTCATTGGTGGCTTGCCCATGCCATACCCGAACCTTGCTCCTGAT
GTGGACTTGACCCCTGTTGTGCCATCAGCAGTGAACATGAACCCTGCACCAAACCCTGCC
GTCTATAACCCCGAAGCTGTCAACGAACCCAAGAAGAAGAAATACGCAAAAGAGGCGTGG
CCGGGCAAGAAGCCCACACCTTCCTTACTGATTTGA |
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID |
Z50748  |
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID |
PPP1R8  |
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location |
Chromosome:1 |
Enzyme 4 Locus |
1p35 |
Enzyme 4 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
Enzyme 4 General References |
- [PubMed
]
|
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5
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Enzyme 5 ID |
2092 |
Enzyme 5 Name |
Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 |
Enzyme 5 Synonyms |
- System N transporter 2
- Solute carrier family 38 member 5
|
Enzyme 5 Gene Name |
SLC38A5 |
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence |
>Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5
MAISSAEGMELQDPKMNGALPGNAVEQEHEGFLPSHSPSPGRKPAQFMDFEGKTSFGMSV
FNLSNAIMGSGILGLAYAMAHTGILLFLALLLCIALLSSYSIHLLLTCAGVVGIRAYEQL
GQRALGPAGKVVVAAVICLHNVGAMSSYLFIIKSELPLVIATFLDMDPEGDWFLKGNLLI
IIVSVLIILPLALMRHLGYLGYTSGLSLTCMLFFLISVIYKKFQLGCTVGHNGTAVESKS
SPSLPIHGLNTSCEAQMFTADSQMFYTVPIMAFAFVCHPEVLPIYTELCRPSKRRMQAVA
NVSIGAMFCMYGLTATFGYLTFYSSVEAEMLHMYSQHDLLILCVRLAVLLAVTLTVPVVL
FPIRRALQQLLFPSKAFSWPRHVAIALILLVLVNVLVICVPTIRDIFGVIGSTSAPSLIF
ILPSIFYLRIVPSEVEPLYSWPKIQALCFGVLGVLFMAISLGFMFANWATGQSHVSGH |
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues |
478 |
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight |
51957.3 |
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI |
7.51 |
Enzyme 5 GO Classification |
Function |
— |
Process |
— |
Component |
— |
|
Enzyme 5 General Function |
Amino acid transport and metabolism |
Enzyme 5 Specific Function |
Functions as a sodium-dependent amino acid transporter which countertransport protons. Mediates the saturable, pH- sensitive, and electrogenic cotransport of several neutral amino acids including glycine, asparagine, alanine, serine, glutamine and histidine with sodium |
Enzyme 5 Pathways |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Reactions |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function |
|
Enzyme 5 Signals |
|
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions |
- 58-80
94-114
132-152
173-193
199-219
264-284
302-322
341-361
383-403
406-426
446-466
|
Enzyme 5 Essentiality |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein |
59858047  |
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
Q5E9S9  |
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
S38A5_BOVIN  |
Enzyme 5 PDB ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence |
>1437 bp
ATGGCCATCTCGTCTGCTGAGGGGATGGAACTGCAGGATCCAAAGATGAACGGAGCCCTC
CCTGGGAATGCTGTGGAGCAGGAGCATGAGGGCTTCCTGCCTAGCCATAGTCCTTCTCCT
GGGAGGAAACCGGCCCAGTTCATGGATTTCGAGGGGAAGACATCGTTTGGAATGTCAGTG
TTCAACCTCAGCAACGCCATCATGGGCAGCGGCATCCTGGGGCTGGCCTATGCCATGGCC
CACACGGGGATCCTCCTCTTCCTGGCTTTGTTGCTGTGCATCGCTCTTCTGTCTTCGTAC
TCCATCCATCTCCTGCTGACCTGTGCTGGTGTTGTAGGCATCCGAGCCTATGAACAGCTG
GGACAGAGGGCGCTGGGGCCTGCGGGGAAAGTAGTGGTGGCGGCGGTCATCTGTCTGCAC
AATGTTGGGGCCATGTCCAGTTACCTGTTCATCATCAAATCCGAACTTCCCCTGGTTATC
GCCACTTTCCTGGACATGGACCCTGAGGGGGACTGGTTCTTGAAGGGAAACCTCCTTATC
ATCATTGTCAGTGTTTTAATCATCCTGCCACTGGCCCTCATGAGACACTTGGGCTACCTG
GGGTATACCAGTGGTCTCTCTCTGACCTGTATGCTGTTTTTCCTCATTTCGGTCATCTAT
AAGAAGTTCCAGCTTGGCTGCACTGTAGGCCACAATGGAACAGCAGTGGAGAGCAAGAGC
TCCCCAAGCCTTCCCATCCATGGGCTCAACACAAGCTGTGAGGCCCAGATGTTCACAGCT
GACTCACAGATGTTCTACACAGTGCCCATTATGGCTTTTGCCTTTGTCTGCCACCCTGAA
GTGCTGCCCATCTACACAGAACTCTGCCGGCCCTCCAAGCGCAGAATGCAGGCTGTGGCC
AACGTGTCCATTGGGGCCATGTTCTGCATGTATGGGCTCACGGCGACCTTTGGATACCTC
ACCTTCTACAGCAGCGTGGAGGCGGAGATGCTGCACATGTACAGCCAGCATGACCTGCTC
ATCCTCTGTGTGCGTCTAGCGGTGCTGCTCGCTGTGACTCTCACGGTGCCAGTTGTGCTG
TTCCCTATCCGCCGGGCTCTGCAGCAGCTACTTTTTCCAAGCAAGGCCTTCAGCTGGCCA
CGCCATGTGGCCATAGCACTGATCCTGCTTGTCTTGGTCAATGTTCTTGTCATCTGTGTG
CCAACCATCCGGGATATCTTTGGGGTTATCGGGTCTACCTCAGCCCCCAGCCTCATTTTC
ATCCTTCCCAGCATCTTCTACCTCCGCATTGTGCCCTCTGAGGTGGAGCCCCTCTACTCC
TGGCCCAAGATCCAGGCTCTGTGTTTTGGTGTCTTGGGGGTCCTCTTCATGGCGATCAGC
CTAGGTTTCATGTTTGCCAACTGGGCCACAGGCCAGAGCCATGTATCTGGACACTGA |
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID |
BT020841  |
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID |
SLC38A5  |
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location |
Not Available |
Enzyme 5 Locus |
Xp11.23 |
Enzyme 5 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
Enzyme 5 General References |
- [PubMed
]
|
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References |
Not Available |